Since 1989 the Unit has cared for children with malignant blood diseases (leukaemia, lymphoma), congenital or acquired hematopoesis, immunity or metabolic failure, and for children with solid tumors. Patients undergo stem cell transplants - self (autologous) or foreign-body (allogenic) - from familiar and even from non-relative (non-related) donors. Thanks to the complex programme, technical and staff background, vast experience gained during the last 15 years and the long-term international fellowships of our physicians at prestigious European and American departments, the unit is able to cover all demands for children for the entire Czech Republic. Within international studies we cooperate with many centres in Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Poland and others. Our workplace has been accredited in co-operation with the donor registry to provide transplantations from donors of European and American registries. Since the beginning of the transplantation programme, the number of patients who have successfully undergone transplant surgery - from non-relative donors - has steadily increased. The number of patients after autologous transplantation, or after stem transplantation from an identical sibling, has remained stable. During the last 15 years more than 250 allogenic transplantations were performed.

The team curing small patients from infancy to adolescence not only involves paediatricians with hematology and oncology specialization. We co-operate closely with various other specialists such as children's (paediatric) surgery, cardiology, orthopaedics, endocrinology, anesthesiology and imaging methods etc. We also co-operate with a number of highly specialized laboratories, which use up-to-date diagnostic methods in the detection of minimal residual disease, donor's haemopoesis, the immunity system and activity of viruses etc. Psychologists, social workers, diet nurses (nutritionists) and rehabilitation workers all care for the children. We offer parents, regardless of the age of their child, the possibility that one parent or family member can stay in the same room with their child. For accompanying persons there is the possibility of accommodation in the hospital hostel, which is subsidized by sponsors.

The contemporary unit began in March 2003 and its modern technical background, including air conditioning with filtres, is situated on the last two floors of the laboratory section. Before the unit was opened parts of all the sections were completely restored. Two nurse's stations provide intensive care in both parts of the unit. Ten fully air conditioned rooms with 3-phase HEPA filtres are equipped with top-class monitoring and treatment technology, and also individual TV, videorecorder and internet connection. For accompanying persons there is a common room, dressing room and social services. Our goal is patient and family support in material as well as psychological aspects.

Between 1989 and 2004 there were children treated at the unit - indicated under international criteria - for allogenic transplantation for Acute Lymfoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML), Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML), Hodkin Lymphoma (HD), Non-Hodkin Lymphoma (NHL), Idiopatic Myelofibrosis, Severe Aplastic Anaemia (SAA), Severe Combine Immunodeficiency (SCID), Mucopolysacharidosis type I Hurler, Adrenoleukodystrophia (COALD), Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome, Congenital Erythropoetic Porfyria, Malignant Osteopetrosis, Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia, Fanconi Anaemia, Constitutional Anaemia, Malignant Infectious Mononucleosis, Familiar Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (FHL), Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH), or to autologous transplantation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML), Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML), Hodkin Lymphoma (HD), Non-Hodkin Lymphoma (NHL), Wilms Tumor, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Retinoblastoma, Neuroblastoma and Evans Syndrome.